NOTES ON SŌSEKI. #1
When I was asked who I thought was Japan’s
greatest novelist, I did not even hesitate to answer, “Natsume Sōseki, of
course.” Now, understand that the person asking my opinion was himself
Japanese; however, I have never had an American ask me that question. Indeed,
my experience has been that very few Americans, and but a few more Europeans,
have ever heard the name “Sōseki” or know anything about his body of work. If
you have never read any of his novels, even though you may have heard one or
two titles; for example Wagahai wa Neko
de Aru (吾輩は猫である) or as it is known in English, I Am a
Cat, or the darker Kokoro:
Sensei no Isho (心 先生の遺書), commonly referred to in
the West as Sensei’s Testament or
even more generally, Sensei and I.
It is neither
my intention nor purpose to write Sōseki’s biography here, although from time
to time I plan to touch on events or aspects of his life, particularly as they acted
as catalysts in his writing and his theory of literature. I will say briefly,
just so you know, that his real name, his birth name was Natsume Kinnosuke (夏目 金之助) and he was born on
February 9, 1867). He is widely regarded as the foremost Japanese novelist of
the Meiji Era (1868 – 1912. He was also a scholar of English literature and a composer
of haiku, Japanese short poems of
5-7-5 syllables. His portrait appeared on the front of the 1000 en note, and in
Japan, although he died on December 9, 1916), he is still considered the
greatest writer in Modern Japanese history, having had a profound effect on
almost every modern Japanese writer of importance.
After much
discussion, really all of it enthusiastic, we have decided to undertake what
will no doubt prove to be a long-term project, that being to translate all of Sōseki’s
novels and a fair portion of his poetry and essays, and to present them to new,
modern Western readers. That is not to say that those of his works that have
been translated into English are not good; it is simply that we feel that they
may be made better, not only to attract new readers, but to provide those
readers with insights into the Meiji Japan of Sōseki, his own experiences, his
views, his prejudices, to make more apparent his often hidden wit, as well as
to entertain the them and just perhaps, bring about thought and even
introspection.
If you have a taste for
the sarcastic, the ironic, the sardonic, if you enjoy dry wit, then I would
recommend to you I Am a Cat, a novel
originally published as a serial, then in three volumes, and then consolidated
into one, in which a haughtily disdainful or even contemptuous, feline
narrator (“As of yet I have no name.”) describes and comments upon the lives of
more than a few middle-class Japanese people (and cats) including Kushami
Chinno (珍野苦沙弥), Mr. Sneeze , the owner of the “cat with no name,”
as well as his family; Mr. Sneeze’s annoyingly pretentions friend Meitei (迷亭), otherwise known as Waverhouse; and
Avalon Coldmoon (Mizushima Kangetsu, (水島寒月), a
young, love-struck scholar. Even if you know nothing about Meiji Japan, you will
enjoy the book; and the more you do know about Japan and that period of its
history, the more you are likely to have fun with it.
If you prefer things darker, cerebral, and ironic,
then I would suggest Kokoro. Written
in 1914, it too was first published as a serial in the Aasahi Shinbun newspaper. The word “kokoro” translates literally as “heart” but it can also refer to “the
heart of things” or to “feelings. The story deals with the friendship (albeit
sometimes distant), between a young man and an older man he calls “Sensei” or “teacher”
at a time when Japan was transitioning to the modern era and touches on such
topics as egoism, guilt, and shame, as well as the ideals and roles of Japanese
women at that time, the changes in values from one generation to another, the
role of family, the importance of self rather than the group, the price of
weakness, and one’s own identity.
We hope you will pick up and enjoy either or both
of these novels while we roll up our collective sleeves and get to translating.